伊人直播app官方正版下载_伊人直播高品质美女在线视频互动社区_伊人直播官方版

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做設(shè)計(jì)八年后,我發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)最難的是分寸
時(shí)間:2019-09-20 11:08:29
文章發(fā)布:李陽
原創(chuàng)作者:未知
來源:互聯(lián)網(wǎng)

做了多年的設(shè)計(jì)之后,我與剛開始時(shí)已經(jīng)有了很大的不同。正如《騰訊設(shè)計(jì)師:我做設(shè)計(jì)這七年里的心態(tài)變化》里描繪的,最開始的興奮、努力,甚至激進(jìn),在經(jīng)歷各種學(xué)習(xí)和磨礪后漸漸消退,轉(zhuǎn)而萌生出一種隨性的心理,有點(diǎn)兒佛系設(shè)計(jì)師的味道了。

那篇文章發(fā)表之后,很多同行都表示有類似的感受,同時(shí)也有些反對(duì)的評(píng)論將其詮釋為一種沉淪或者墮落。感謝這些負(fù)面聲音給我敲響警鐘,使我再次思考反省,自己這樣是真的退化了嗎?我是不是應(yīng)該找回所謂「初心」呢?

如今已經(jīng)過去半年,我用這半年的時(shí)間得出結(jié)論——這些年的改變并不是退化。

做設(shè)計(jì)八年后,我發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)最難的是分寸-藝源科技


最難的是分寸

很多新人階段的設(shè)計(jì)師,和最開始的我一樣,覺得自己是一片空白,面對(duì)著一片汪洋大海,奮不顧身往前游。不斷地吸收知識(shí)、嘗試新的東西,所有的東西似乎都是越多越好、越細(xì)致越好、越新越好、越與眾不同越好……

而很多年后,當(dāng)我知道得越來越多,甚至在某些領(lǐng)域能夠觸及人類認(rèn)知的邊際時(shí),我發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的東西都是有分寸的,做得太多也并不會(huì)比做得太少更好。而這個(gè)分寸是模糊的、不斷變化的。就像是在玩跳一跳時(shí),下一個(gè)臺(tái)階一直處于模糊的抖動(dòng)狀態(tài)。

做設(shè)計(jì)八年后,我發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)最難的是分寸-藝源科技


不要為了創(chuàng)新而創(chuàng)新

近年來的主流聲音總是將「設(shè)計(jì)」和「創(chuàng)新」捆綁起來,仿佛沒有創(chuàng)新不成設(shè)計(jì)。什么是設(shè)計(jì)?維基百科第一句寫的是:

所謂設(shè)計(jì),即「設(shè)想和計(jì)劃,設(shè)想是目的,計(jì)劃是過程安排」,通常指有目標(biāo)和計(jì)劃的創(chuàng)作行為、活動(dòng)。

以上這句話里,除了「創(chuàng)作」的「創(chuàng)」字之外,并沒有提到「創(chuàng)新」相關(guān)的東西。

最開始做設(shè)計(jì)的時(shí)候,我很擔(dān)心自己的作品看起來太普通,所以想方設(shè)法地向其注入最新趨勢(shì)、視覺驚喜以及與眾不同的元素。其實(shí)對(duì)于設(shè)計(jì)新手來說,我當(dāng)時(shí)的做法是正確的。因?yàn)橐援?dāng)時(shí)的技巧和審美,哪怕再怎么努力也未必能夠達(dá)到所謂「分寸」的最低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

但是通常來說,設(shè)計(jì)的目的是解決問題(例如產(chǎn)品的問題、用戶的問題等),而并非藝術(shù)實(shí)驗(yàn)。在達(dá)到了一定階段后,如果再繼續(xù)為了創(chuàng)新而創(chuàng)新,不但不能解決問題,反而會(huì)制造更多的問題。

說來輕松,實(shí)際上并不是那么好理解的。我曾經(jīng)的一篇譯文《扁平風(fēng)格的問題在哪?來看這個(gè)分析!》也有嘗試用實(shí)驗(yàn)證明設(shè)計(jì)趨勢(shì)也是要掌握分寸的。然而不論是原文還是譯文,都收到了較為兩極分化的評(píng)價(jià)。雖然該文的表述方式可以有提升的空間,但這也證明了設(shè)計(jì)趨勢(shì)容易讓哪怕是有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的設(shè)計(jì)師也喪失對(duì)分寸的掌控。

做設(shè)計(jì)八年后,我發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)最難的是分寸-藝源科技

△ 自然語言形式的表單也許很酷,但是運(yùn)用到實(shí)際場(chǎng)景中可能有各種各樣的問題


可用性 VS 吸引力

前面說了,設(shè)計(jì)的目的是解決問題,這里的問題可能是多方面的。

首先,可用性絕對(duì)是交互設(shè)計(jì)在明面上的目標(biāo),與人機(jī)交互(Human Computer Interaction)聯(lián)系最緊密的關(guān)鍵詞就是可用(Usability)了。我在學(xué)習(xí)人機(jī)交互的碩士課程時(shí),幾乎大部分課題都圍繞著可用性,而幾乎沒有提過利用交互提高產(chǎn)品/界面吸引力這種事情。對(duì)于我的人機(jī)交互課程,詳情請(qǐng)見《想出國讀研?先感受在英國學(xué)習(xí)交互設(shè)計(jì)的體驗(yàn)!》。

但是在實(shí)際操作時(shí),「吸引力」幾乎是個(gè)繞不開的話題。因?yàn)槭紫饶愕脑O(shè)計(jì)必須對(duì) PM 和 Leader 有一定吸引力,這樣才有可能推動(dòng)下去,以后做 PPT 時(shí)也能好看點(diǎn);其次現(xiàn)在的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶,尤其是那些音量較大的高級(jí)用戶,對(duì)視覺形態(tài)也很有要求,吸引力不達(dá)標(biāo)的話也很容易被吐槽。

好用和好看,雖然是兩個(gè)維度的東西,但是產(chǎn)生沖突的情況其實(shí)很多。例如為了體現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)潔感,現(xiàn)在很多產(chǎn)品把表單(如用戶注冊(cè)填寫信息)拆分為多個(gè)步驟頁。但是有時(shí)候,如果必須填寫的信息較多時(shí),還不如讓用戶在一個(gè)頁面全部填完比較輕松。

做設(shè)計(jì)八年后,我發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)最難的是分寸-藝源科技

△ 分步表單和單頁表單各有優(yōu)劣


易用性 VS 易學(xué)性

什么樣的交互才是好用的?最簡(jiǎn)單的東西可能并不快,最快的東西可能并不簡(jiǎn)單。

路徑最短的操作肯定是快捷鍵,但是相信很多用了多年電腦的人,在填寫完用戶名后,都不會(huì)用 tab 鍵來快速到密碼輸入框;哪怕是確信自己會(huì)永久刪除的文件,也是先挪到回收站再說,而不是用 shift + delet e/ option + command +d elete 直接刪除。

可是有些東西哪怕是過于復(fù)雜,如果一旦學(xué)會(huì)能夠獲得足夠的價(jià)值或樂趣,也有人愿意嘗試。例如游戲設(shè)計(jì)不能夠太過智能,反而必須給足難度和任務(wù),這樣玩家哪怕通讀攻略都誓不罷休。

所以在設(shè)計(jì)過程中,如果對(duì)于易用性太過關(guān)注,很可能導(dǎo)致易學(xué)性下降,反之亦然。這就好比一個(gè)人站在分叉路口,左邊是陌生的近路,右邊是熟悉的遠(yuǎn)路,并不存在顯而易見的評(píng)判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

做設(shè)計(jì)八年后,我發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)最難的是分寸-藝源科技

△ 總有人更愿意走熟悉的遠(yuǎn)路


驚喜并不是越多越好

一個(gè)故事或是一首歌,不可能從頭至尾都是高潮,總有開端、鋪墊和結(jié)尾。因?yàn)槿说那榫w是有變動(dòng)的,需要一定的起起落落。倘若天天粗茶淡飯,偶爾大魚大肉一次肯定會(huì)很開心。但是對(duì)于長(zhǎng)期大魚大肉的人來說,或許粗茶淡飯反倒更加驚喜。

體驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),理想中設(shè)計(jì)的不是任何一個(gè)交互局部或場(chǎng)景,而是用戶在產(chǎn)品使用中的完整感受。這有點(diǎn)像是給用戶寫一個(gè)劇本,開頭可能有些平淡無奇,里面或許還歷經(jīng)各種艱難險(xiǎn)阻,但是這些都不會(huì)破壞整個(gè)體驗(yàn)。因?yàn)橄惹暗囊磺胸?fù)面情緒都可能在一個(gè)驚喜的高潮中翻轉(zhuǎn),經(jīng)過一個(gè)意猶未盡的結(jié)尾后留下深刻印象。

我們每次畫設(shè)計(jì)稿的時(shí)候,可能總想要加點(diǎn)料,讓閱稿者和用戶看到驚喜??偸潜е@樣的心態(tài)做設(shè)計(jì),可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)無論怎么努力,結(jié)果都平淡無奇。因?yàn)樘幪幎际求@喜就相當(dāng)于沒有驚喜了。相反,如果做設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)能抱著寫劇本的大局觀,就更容易達(dá)到事半功倍的效果。

做設(shè)計(jì)八年后,我發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)最難的是分寸-藝源科技

△ 先要讓一個(gè)顏色看起來更鮮艷,就要用不鮮艷的顏色來承托它


總結(jié)

小時(shí)候總覺得一直努力往前跑就好了,到后來越來越強(qiáng)烈的感受到,選擇是多么重要。設(shè)計(jì)也是這樣,當(dāng)大家的技能和經(jīng)驗(yàn)達(dá)到一定的程度之后,好與壞的界限就沒有那么明顯了。

類似 Dribbble 飛機(jī)稿的驚艷設(shè)計(jì)仔細(xì)分析會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)各種嚴(yán)重問題??雌饋硐袷巧蟼€(gè)世紀(jì)古董的工具類產(chǎn)品,真正實(shí)操起來可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)竟然得心應(yīng)手。

不但如此,除了用戶之外,你還必須要認(rèn)真考慮上下游、團(tuán)隊(duì)成員和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的想法。所以總的來說,設(shè)計(jì)的分寸真的很重要。

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